Kathakali Dance Form Of Kerala
Kerala is not only known for its natural picturesque beauty and backwaters. The state is also famous for its centuries old Dance Forms are that are noted for the variety, youthfulness and charm. Some of the well known dance forms of Kerala are Kathakali and Mohini Attam. Kathakali, the consummate confluence of theatre, dance, music, and visual art, is one of the prime cultural contributions of Kerala to the world. Over the years, this well known classical dance form has evolved into an intricate and highly stylized dance-drama form that is known world-wide for its elaborate make-up, colourful costumes, minute expression of emotions, detailed hand gestures and body movements.
Kathakali is considered to be the art of Gods, and usually mythological episodes are performed as a play mostly picked from two great Indian epics; Ramayana and Mahabharata. Expression of emotions and narration is based on hand signals which are also known as Mudras, and facial expression of navarasa, the nine emotions. Traditionally the dance form is performed only by men and they dressed like women to portray the female characters usually Goddesses.
The costumes used for the performance are very heavy and colourful, and it almost takes a full day to complete the make-up process. The origin of Kathakali dance form dates back to the 16th century A.D. It has derived a major share of its techniques from two precursor dance-drama forms ‘Ramanattam’ and ‘Krishnanattam’ along with other ritualistic and traditional art forms like ‘Koodiyattom’, ‘Ashtapadiyattom’ and to a lesser extent, folk arts like ‘Porattunatakam’. Traditionally the stories enacted during the performance are adapted from the great epics of Ramayana and Mahabharata though the advent of globalization has led to western classics like ‘King Lear’ and ‘Othello’ being adapted to give it a global appeal.
The intricate and elaborate make up of this famous dance form is an entire art form in itself. It focuses on enhancing the dramatic element of Kathakali and uses various predominant shades to symbolize the various ‘Gunas’ (qualities) of the characters. Some of these Gunas are ‘Saatvika’ meaning Godliness which is symbolized by green, ‘Rajasic’ meaning Violence symbolized by red, ‘Tamasic’ meaning evil symbolized by black etc.
This art form demands immense concentration, physical stamina and skill and a Kathakali performer undergoes years of intense training to achieve these qualities. The recital of the dance drama is a visual treat which presents the true essence of Kerala, Gods Own Country.